What is Biodiversity Net Gain: A Complete Guide
Biodiversity Net Gain (BNG) represents a transformative approach to development that aims to leave the natural environment in a measurably better state than before projects were commenced. This innovative concept has become a legal requirement for new developments in Englasnd & Wales, and is heavily informing planning requirements in Scotland.
What Exactly is Biodiversity Net Gain?
Biodiversity Net Gain is an approach to development that requires construction projects to enhance biodiversity value by at least 10% compared to the pre-development baseline. This means that after a development project is completed, there should be more opportunities for biodiversity to thrive than existed before the project began.
How Does Biodiversity Net Gain Work?
The implementation of BNG follows a structured process: first, developers must assess the existing biodiversity value of a development site using the Biodiversity Metric calculator. This tool measures biodiversity units based on factors such as habitat distinctiveness, condition, and strategic significance. Next, developers must create detailed plans showing how they will achieve the required 10% gain. This can be accomplished through various methods:
The enhancement of existing habitats within the development site
Creation of new habitats
Securing biodiversity improvements on other land
Purchase of biodiversity credits from approved providers
Benefits of Biodiversity Net Gain
The implementation of BNG offers numerous advantages for both the environment and society:
Environmental Enhancement: By requiring measurable improvements in biodiversity, BNG helps reverse the trend of biodiversity loss and supports ecosystem restoration.
Economic Opportunities: The creation of biodiversity units generates new market opportunities for landowners and habitat banks, while also potentially increasing property values through enhanced green spaces.
Community Benefits: Improved biodiversity creates better living environments, enhances well-being, and provides educational opportunities for local communities.
Implementing Biodiversity Net Gain in Practice
Successful implementation of BNG requires careful planning and consideration:
Early Assessment: Biodiversity surveys and assessments should be conducted at the earliest stages of project planning to identify existing habitats and species.
Long-term Management: Plans must include provisions for the long-term management and monitoring of biodiversity improvements, typically for a minimum of 30 years.
Strategic Approach: Developers should consider how their biodiversity improvements can contribute to wider ecological networks and local nature recovery strategies.
Challenges and Solutions
While implementing BNG presents certain challenges, such as finding suitable land for offsite improvements and ensuring long-term management, various solutions are emerging:
Habitat Banks: These are areas of land specifically managed to create biodiversity units that developers can purchase.
Local Nature Recovery Strategies: These provide a framework for targeting biodiversity improvements where they will have the greatest benefit.
Technology Solutions: Advanced mapping tools and monitoring systems help track and verify biodiversity improvements over time.
The Future of Biodiversity Net Gain
As environmental concerns continue to grow, BNG is likely to become increasingly important in development planning worldwide. Its success in the UK may serve as a model for other countries seeking to balance development needs with environmental protection.
Understanding and implementing Biodiversity Net Gain is crucial for developers, planners, and environmental professionals working to create a more sustainable future. By ensuring development contributes positively to biodiversity, we can help build a world where both human needs and natural ecosystems thrive together.
Profile:
Tom Angel is a Chartered Horticulturist, Master of Horticulture (RHS), former branch chairman of the Chartered Institute of Horticulture, and worked previously as a landscape maintenance contractor. For a copy of the full dissertation please email tom@tomangel.co.uk.
To discuss any aspect of landscape management consultancy or biodiversity-focused planting design, give Tom a call on 0141 432 1141 or email on tom@tomangel.co.uk